Simoa isolates individual immunocomplexes on paramagnetic beads using standard ELISA reagents. The difference from a conventional immunoassay is that single molecules are trapped in femtolitre-sized wells, which gives a digital readout for each bead as either bound to the target analyte or not.
Traditional ELISA is limited to picogram per millilitre detection. Simoa can achieve sensitivity as low as femtogram per millilitre levels, which brings biomarkers into range that were previously difficult or impossible to measure. RayBiotech describes the result as 1000 times more sensitive than ELISA. Simoa also requires a dedicated detector, so samples are shipped in and RayBiotech runs the assay and returns a data report.